Famous Landmarks

Every landmark here was photographed where it stands, and every date and architect comes from Wikidata rather than from memory. Open a country for its cities; open a city for the buildings themselves, what to look for in each one, and who built it.

Browse by country

• Albania27 landmarks
• Algeria28 landmarks
• Andorra10 landmarks
• Argentina28 landmarks
• Armenia26 landmarks
• Australia53 landmarks · 2 cities
• Austria30 landmarks
• Azerbaijan25 landmarks
• Bahamas14 landmarks
• Bangladesh24 landmarks
• Belarus20 landmarks
• Belgium117 landmarks · 5 cities
• Bosnia and Herzegovina26 landmarks
• Brazil28 landmarks
• Bulgaria29 landmarks
• Canada56 landmarks · 2 cities
• Chile28 landmarks
• China101 landmarks · 5 cities
• Colombia24 landmarks
• Croatia28 landmarks
• Cuba28 landmarks
• Cyprus27 landmarks
• Czech Republic30 landmarks
• Denmark12 landmarks
• Dominican Republic21 landmarks
• Ecuador20 landmarks
• Egypt28 landmarks
• El Salvador17 landmarks
• Estonia27 landmarks
• Finland28 landmarks
• France58 landmarks · 2 cities
• Georgia29 landmarks
• Germany142 landmarks · 7 cities
• Ghana23 landmarks
• Greece64 landmarks · 3 cities
• Guyana22 landmarks
• Hungary30 landmarks
• Iceland27 landmarks
• India174 landmarks · 7 cities
• Indonesia27 landmarks
• Ireland29 landmarks
• Israel53 landmarks · 2 cities
• Italy147 landmarks · 5 cities
• Japan74 landmarks · 4 cities
• Jordan26 landmarks
• Kenya23 landmarks
• Latvia30 landmarks
• Lebanon27 landmarks
• Liechtenstein8 landmarks
• Lithuania26 landmarks
• Malaysia71 landmarks · 3 cities
• Malta22 landmarks
• Mexico22 landmarks
• Moldova23 landmarks
• Mongolia24 landmarks
• Montenegro6 landmarks
• Morocco26 landmarks
• Nepal27 landmarks
• Netherlands51 landmarks · 2 cities
• New Zealand26 landmarks
• North Macedonia27 landmarks
• Norway28 landmarks
• Panama7 landmarks
• Paraguay13 landmarks
• Peru27 landmarks
• Philippines9 landmarks
• Poland60 landmarks · 2 cities
• Portugal54 landmarks · 2 cities
• Russia59 landmarks · 2 cities
• Serbia29 landmarks
• Slovakia29 landmarks
• Slovenia27 landmarks
• South Africa27 landmarks
• South Korea28 landmarks
• Spain84 landmarks · 3 cities
• Sri Lanka28 landmarks
• Suriname22 landmarks
• Sweden27 landmarks
• Switzerland24 landmarks
• Syria24 landmarks
• Taiwan28 landmarks
• Tanzania13 landmarks
• Thailand56 landmarks · 3 cities
• Trinidad and Tobago11 landmarks
• Tunisia22 landmarks
• Turkey38 landmarks · 2 cities
• Ukraine29 landmarks
• United Kingdom86 landmarks · 3 cities
• United States137 landmarks · 5 cities
• Uruguay26 landmarks
• Venezuela24 landmarks
• Vietnam17 landmarks · 2 cities

Browse by city

• AccraDutch, British and Danish forts still stand along Accra's shoreline within a few miles.23 landmarks
• AgraA walled red-sandstone fort and two white-marble mausoleums line a short Yamuna stretch.19 landmarks
• AlgiersA mosque built in 1612 turned cathedral, then mosque again, faces a 1982 war memorial.28 landmarks
• AmmanA Roman theatre, nymphaeum and citadel hill mark Amman's Philadelphia-era downtown core.26 landmarks
• AmsterdamGolden Age wealth built canal-ring houses on timber piles driven into reclaimed peat.30 landmarks
• Andorra la VellaEurope's highest capital pairs a 1580 council house with two early medieval churches.10 landmarks
• AntalyaA Roman gate and a Seljuk minaret stand within a few streets of the old harbour quarter.5 landmarks
• AntwerpA Scheldt port framed by a Gothic spire and Renaissance halls around one market square.29 landmarks
• AsunciónAsunción's landmarks are 19th-century neoclassical monuments built along the riverbank.13 landmarks
• AthensAncient temples, a Roman theatre and a marble stadium sit within reach of one rocky hill.30 landmarks
• AucklandA volcanic isthmus city between two harbours, pairing Edwardian halls with a modern tower.26 landmarks
• BakuA walled medieval quarter of pale stone sits streets from the city's oil-boom palaces.25 landmarks
• BangaloreA neoclassical courthouse, a Dravidian-revival legislature and a palace share one core.25 landmarks
• BangkokRiver temples and a walled palace line the centre; marble halls rise inland, built later.31 landmarks
• BarcelonaMedieval Gothic stone gives way to the unfinished, curving Art Nouveau of the Eixample.30 landmarks
• BathGeorgian terraces and porticoes ring a Roman bathhouse built over natural springs.23 landmarks
• BeijingWalled Ming and Qing palace, temple, and garden complexes anchor the old imperial core.27 landmarks
• BeirutRoman ruins, an Ottoman palace and a Neoclassical cathedral share a war-rebuilt downtown.27 landmarks
• BelgradeA river-confluence fortress and a wave of Byzantine Revival domes define its skyline.29 landmarks
• BerlinA capital rebuilt across three regimes, from Prussian gates to a Cold War broadcast tower.28 landmarks
• BernGrey sandstone arcades and covered passages fill a medieval old town looped by the Aare.24 landmarks
• BogotáA colonial capital rebuilt in Neoclassical stone around a single central plaza.24 landmarks
• BratislavaIts castle, cathedral spire and lone surviving gate all stand within one small Old Town.29 landmarks
• BrugesGothic brick towers and stepped gables ring an oval medieval core threaded by canals.22 landmarks
• BrusselsA Gothic civic core, a neoclassical park arch, and a lone steel giant from 1958.30 landmarks
• BudapestCastle Hill's Baroque terraces and Pest's neo-Gothic towers, both rebuilt after war.30 landmarks
• Buenos AiresBeaux-Arts palaces and a lone concrete obelisk define a capital rebuilt after 1880.28 landmarks
• CairoStone pyramids at Giza and a thousand minarets of medieval Cairo share one skyline.28 landmarks
• CaracasNeoclassical civic monuments crowd a colonial grid pressed against a 2,200-metre ridge.24 landmarks
• Cebu CityA fort, a basilica and a cathedral all rose within blocks of the same 1565 landing site.9 landmarks
• ChennaiDravidian temple towers and British Gothic Revival buildings share Chennai's coastal grid.27 landmarks
• Chiang MaiRed-brick ramparts and a moat still frame temples founded within the city's first century.21 landmarks
• ChibaA 12th-century shrine, a 1960s castle replica and a 1980s tower — little here is original.9 landmarks
• ChisinauA Russian-imperial core rebuilt in Socialist Realist and Brutalist blocks after war.23 landmarks
• ColomboA coastal capital pairing colonial civic halls with a red mosque and a 1953 monument.28 landmarks
• CopenhagenFire, plague and an 1807 bombardment forced this low capital to keep rebuilding itself.12 landmarks
• CordobaA former caliphal capital where a mosque still frames a cathedral built into its centre.24 landmarks
• Da NangFrench colonial museums and a cathedral sit under a 2013 dragon-shaped steel bridge.7 landmarks
• DamascusA Roman temple's walls still enclose the mosque at the heart of its old walled city.24 landmarks
• Dar es SalaamA sultan's coral-stone fort and German-built churches line one working harbourfront.13 landmarks
• DelhiA minaret, a Mughal fort and a colonial war arch stand within a few miles of each other.27 landmarks
• Dessau1920s Bauhaus buildings share the town with 18th-century ducal palaces and gardens.9 landmarks
• DhakaMughal forts and a Nawab's riverside palace anchor Old Dhaka's dense, waterside quarter.24 landmarks
• DublinA river-split capital where a Norman castle and Georgian civic stone shape the skyline.29 landmarks
• EdinburghA fortress on a volcanic crag anchors a skyline of Gothic spires and a royal palace.30 landmarks
• FlorenceA medieval trade and finance city crowned by the largest masonry dome ever built.30 landmarks
• FrankfurtBank towers rise a few streets from a medieval old town rebuilt after wartime bombing.30 landmarks
• FukuokaA port city where a 757 shrine, a 1607 castle and a 1989 broadcast tower mark three eras.18 landmarks
• GeorgetownTimber Gothic Revival churches and Renaissance Revival civic halls define its centre.22 landmarks
• GhentA medieval river city preserved less by design than by three centuries of decline.25 landmarks
• GibraltarA fortified town packed onto a narrow ledge below a 426-metre limestone mountain.21 landmarks
• GuangzhouA 2,200-year river port where Qing clan halls sit minutes from a 600-metre steel tower.23 landmarks
• GuilinKarst hills frame a city where landmarks span a 1372 palace and 2001 pagodas.4 landmarks
• HavanaColonial forts and churches share Havana's harbour with a 1920s neoclassical capitol.28 landmarks
• HelsinkiNeoclassical Russian-era monuments stand near granite National Romantic landmarks.28 landmarks
• HeraklionVenetian harbour defences and Bronze Age palace ruins frame a Cretan port city's skyline.17 landmarks
• Ho Chi Minh CityNineteenth-century French colonial buildings stand blocks from the newest glass towers.10 landmarks
• Hong KongBrick and granite colonial landmarks survive within blocks of Central's supertall towers.25 landmarks
• HonoluluA former royal capital where a stone palace and harbor tower anchor a compact downtown.24 landmarks
• IstanbulOttoman mosques and a Byzantine dome share a skyline split across two continents by water.33 landmarks
• JaipurA planned 1727 grid city whose old core is faced almost entirely in pink sandstone.24 landmarks
• JakartaIts oldest buildings trace the walled Dutch port town that grew into Batavia.27 landmarks
• JerusalemHerodian megaliths, an Umayyad shrine and a Mamluk citadel share one small walled core.28 landmarks
• JohannesburgIts Edwardian civic core rose within decades of an 1886 gold rush across open farmland.27 landmarks
• Johor BahruA Moorish state mosque and a royal palace sit steps from the Singapore causeway.14 landmarks
• KathmanduBuddhist stupas and a royal Newar square share one valley across fifteen centuries.27 landmarks
• KolkataMarble Raj monuments and a cantilever steel bridge frame the Hooghly's east bank.24 landmarks
• KrakowA royal capital whose Gothic and Renaissance core has stood largely unchanged since 1596.30 landmarks
• Kuala LumpurColonial masonry around Merdeka Square sits a few kilometres from 1990s postmodern towers.30 landmarks
• KyivBaroque churches and a rebuilt medieval gate rise from steep hills above the Dnieper.29 landmarks
• LimaA cathedral and a rebuilt palace still frame the square both broke ground on in 1535.27 landmarks
• LisbonRiverside limestone monuments trace Lisbon's rebuild after the 1755 earthquake.28 landmarks
• LjubljanaA Baroque old town circles a medieval hilltop castle above the Ljubljanica River.27 landmarks
• LondonA Norman fortress, Gothic Revival towers and glass skyscrapers line one wide tidal river.33 landmarks
• Los AngelesDowntown pairs a 1928 Art Deco city hall with Frank Gehry's deconstructivist concert hall.28 landmarks
• LuxembourgA fortress capital of stone bridges over river gorges and acorn-topped surviving towers.20 landmarks
• MacauA 15th-century temple, 17th-century churches and forts sit blocks from towering casinos.31 landmarks
• MadridA fortress outpost grew into a court capital of baroque palaces and neoclassical gates.30 landmarks
• MarrakeshRed sandstone walls raised in 1122 still ring a medina built up by four ruling dynasties.26 landmarks
• MechelenOne surviving gate of twelve and a half-raised Gothic tower still set its skyline.11 landmarks
• MelbourneGold-boom wealth raised a grand hall, then a rebuilt station and a granite war memorial.25 landmarks
• Mexico CityThis high-altitude capital rose in Baroque stone over a razed Aztec city.22 landmarks
• MiamiIts 300-tower skyline rose around a handful of 1910s-20s Revival-style survivors.27 landmarks
• MilanA cathedral six centuries in the making anchors a city of duchy, empire and industry.30 landmarks
• MinskBaroque, neo-Romanesque and Soviet landmarks trace a capital's six changes of rule.20 landmarks
• MonacoA cliffside fortress turned palace and a Belle Époque casino share two square kilometres.14 landmarks
• MontevideoA colonial cathedral, a domed parliament and a 1920s eclectic tower mark three eras.26 landmarks
• MoscowA walled medieval fortress, a domed church and grand 19th-century halls ring one square.29 landmarks
• MumbaiColonial-era Indo-Saracenic and Gothic stone landmarks cluster along the harbour.28 landmarks
• MunichA citywide height cap keeps a medieval cathedral's towers above everything built after it.30 landmarks
• NairobiA colonial mosque, a 1930s library and a 1970s brutalist tower share Nairobi's skyline.23 landmarks
• NassauCoral-rock colonial buildings and a carved limestone stair crown Nassau's harbour hills.14 landmarks
• New York CityCast-iron bridges, Beaux-Arts terminals and Art Deco spires crowd one dense grid.32 landmarks
• NiceA seafront of Belle-Époque hotels backs onto Baroque churches from the city's Savoy era.25 landmarks
• NicosiaThe last divided capital in Europe, still ringed by its Venetian walls.27 landmarks
• OsakaA castle from Japan's unification wars, a sixth-century temple, a 1955 steel tower.24 landmarks
• OsloA medieval fortress, a neoclassical palace and a marble opera house line one fjord shore.28 landmarks
• PaduaEight medieval buildings share one UNESCO listing for their fourteenth-century frescoes.23 landmarks
• Panama CityRebuilt in 1673 after a pirate's fire, its old quarter stands near the ruins it replaced.7 landmarks
• ParamariboTimber Dutch colonial landmarks line a UNESCO-listed river-port centre.22 landmarks
• ParisUniform 19th-century boulevards frame a much older core of medieval and royal stone.33 landmarks
• PenangGeorge Town's shophouse lanes hold ornate clan halls beside one indigo-blue mansion.27 landmarks
• PhuketBuddhist temple compounds and a marble-clad hilltop Buddha define this island's skyline.4 landmarks
• PodgoricaA capital rebuilt mostly after 1946, keeping only scattered Ottoman-era river relics.6 landmarks
• Port of SpainA financial capital whose grandest landmarks were all rebuilt within a single generation.11 landmarks
• PortoAn iron double-deck bridge and tiled halls rise above the Douro's UNESCO waterfront.26 landmarks
• PragueA hilltop castle and a bridge-linked old town, layered in stone across nine centuries.30 landmarks
• QuitoA colonial cathedral, a neoclassical palace, and a basilica share one historic square.20 landmarks
• RegensburgA Roman fort's medieval core survives intact where the Danube meets the Naab and Regen.19 landmarks
• ReykjavikA small stone-and-wood capital under one soaring 20th-century church spire.27 landmarks
• RhodesKnights' ramparts, an Ottoman mosque and a Sephardi synagogue share one walled town.17 landmarks
• RigaA Hanseatic port whose old town pairs Brick Gothic churches with Art Nouveau architecture.30 landmarks
• Rio de JaneiroA granite peak, a colonial church and a Beaux-Arts theatre map four centuries of building.28 landmarks
• RomeAmphitheatre, dome and triumphal arch sit blocks from Baroque fountains and stairways.32 landmarks
• Saint PetersburgBaroque and Neoclassical state buildings line a river capital raised from nothing in 1703.30 landmarks
• San FranciscoTwo Beaux-Arts monuments of 1915 flank a record-breaking suspension bridge of 1937.26 landmarks
• San MarinoMedieval hilltop towers and a nineteenth-century civic quarter share one narrow ridge.6 landmarks
• San SalvadorNeoclassical palaces and a modern cathedral share a volcano-ringed highland capital.17 landmarks
• SantiagoSantiago pairs its cathedral, mint and Beaux-Arts palace with a colonial grid from 1541.28 landmarks
• Santo DomingoCoral-limestone Gothic churches and Spanish fort walls raised here from 1502 onward.21 landmarks
• SarajevoOttoman mosques and fountains sit beside Austro-Hungarian civic grandeur on the Miljacka.26 landmarks
• SeoulJoseon palaces and a city gate here were burned, demolished and rebuilt more than once.28 landmarks
• ShanghaiThree supertall towers, raised in twenty years, turned Pudong into a record of ambition.28 landmarks
• ShenzhenA skyline built almost entirely since the 1980s, when a fishing county became a boomtown.19 landmarks
• SingaporeMarina Bay's engineered towers stand a few streets from a Hindu temple built in 1827.33 landmarks
• SkopjeOttoman stone survives in a valley whose skyline was almost entirely rebuilt after 1963.27 landmarks
• SofiaA fourth-century basilica, an Ottoman mosque and two Orthodox cathedrals share the centre.29 landmarks
• SpeyerIts skyline pairs a red sandstone imperial cathedral with a 55-metre medieval gate tower.8 landmarks
• StockholmFourteen islands of medieval brick and Baroque stone where a lake meets the Baltic Sea.27 landmarks
• SydneyConcrete shells, riveted steel and Victorian sandstone sit within sight of one harbour.28 landmarks
• TaipeiA basin city stacking a 1738 Qing temple, a 1980 memorial hall and a 2004 supertall tower.28 landmarks
• TallinnA hilltop castle, a Gothic town hall and a soaring church spire share one walled old town.27 landmarks
• TbilisiA fortress ridge, riverside cathedrals and a Moorish-revival theatre share one skyline.29 landmarks
• Tel AvivJaffa's Ottoman stone monuments stand beside a city founded as a 1909 housing estate.25 landmarks
• TiranaOttoman mosque, clock tower and stone bridge stand beside a 1941 rationalist palace.27 landmarks
• TokyoA capital rebuilt in steel and brick after fire and bombing, not preserved intact.23 landmarks
• TorontoA lakeside city whose landmarks span a 1914 private castle to 1960s-70s modern towers.28 landmarks
• TunisA medina of reused Roman stone opens through one gate onto French-era boulevards.22 landmarks
• UlaanbaatarGilded Buddhist monasteries and a classicist palace survive amid Soviet-era blocks.24 landmarks
• UtrechtA medieval religious capital where a lone Gothic tower still outlines the skyline.21 landmarks
• VaduzA capital of under 6,000 residents, watched over by a medieval castle on its hill.8 landmarks
• Valletta320 monuments in half a square kilometre, built by the Knights Hospitaller from the 1570s.22 landmarks
• VancouverAn Art Deco tower and a sail-roofed harbour terminal frame Canada's densest downtown.28 landmarks
• VeniceBuilt on 126 lagoon islands linked by 472 bridges, with canals in place of roads.32 landmarks
• ViennaA former imperial capital where Baroque palaces and a Gothic cathedral share one skyline.30 landmarks
• VilniusA Gothic hill-top tower overlooks an old town rebuilt in Baroque and Neoclassical waves.26 landmarks
• WarsawRebuilt almost from rubble after 1944, its old town sits beside a Soviet-era skyline.30 landmarks
• WeimarDucal Baroque palaces neighbour the Art Nouveau school building that became the Bauhaus.18 landmarks
• YerevanCentral Yerevan was rebuilt to one architect's plan, faced in pink and yellow tuff.26 landmarks
• ZagrebA hilltop medieval quarter of spires and a tower looks down on a Neoclassical lower town.28 landmarks